Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is the most potent neurotoxin known to science, produced by the Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium botulinum . As a Category A bioterrorism agent, it is a formidable molecule with an extraordinary mechanism of action — blocking acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving the SNAP-25 protein, a component of the SNARE complex essential for neurotransmitter exocytosis . This research-grade product is strictly for laboratory investigation and is not intended for human or animal use.
Key Factual Details
| Attribute | Detail |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A (BoNT/A) |
| Molecular Formula | C₆₇₆₀H₁₀₄₄₇N₁₇₄₃O₂₀₁₀S₃₂ |
| Molecular Weight | ~149,322.7 Da |
| CAS Number | 93384-43-1 |
| UNII | 23Q86Z38EX |
| Purity | ≥98% (HPLC verified) |
| Classification | Neurotoxin / Zinc endopeptidase |
Mechanism of Action & Research Applications
SNARE Complex Cleavage: BoNT/A acts as a zinc endopeptidase that specifically cleaves SNAP-25, a core protein of the SNARE complex . This prevents synaptic vesicle docking and fusion, ultimately blocking acetylcholine release at cholinergic nerve terminals .
Research Applications:
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Neuromuscular Junction Studies: Investigating neurotransmission and synaptic vesicle fusion
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SNARE Protein Research: Exploring exocytosis mechanisms and protein-protein interactions
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Pain Pathway Research: Studying peripheral sensitization mechanisms
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Molecular Toxicology: Characterizing toxin-receptor binding and cellular uptake
Research Parameters
All dosages are for in-vitro research use only and are not intended for human consumption.
Research Dosing References:
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In vitro studies: 1-10 ng/mL for SNARE cleavage assays
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Receptor binding studies: Concentration-dependent SV2 binding assays
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Storage: Lyophilized powder at -20°C; protect from light
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